ENGLISH QUIZ 11.05.2020

1.Which country has successfully launched a new rocket named “Long March 5B” into space which will pave the way of its Moon landing plans?

A. China

B. Usa

C. France

D. Russia

2.Which organization has extended the term of Bollywood actress Dia Mirza as the Goodwill Ambassador of India till 2022?

A. UNDP

B. UNEP

C. UNICEF

D. UNESCO

3.Which become the 1st state in the country to provide mid-day meal ration?

A. Uttar Pradesh

B. Jharkhand

C. Madhya Pradesh

D. Bihar

4.World Migratory Bird Day was celebrated on:

A. 8 May

B. 7 May

C. 6 May

D. 9 May

5.Consider the following statements:

1.Iran has changed its currency, Riyal is now Toman.

2.Iran’s national currency will be changed from the rial to the Toman, which is equal to 20,000 rials,            under the bill.

Which of the above statement/statements are correct?

A. 1 only

B. 2 only

C. Both 1 and 2

D. Neither 1 nor 2

6.Consider the following statements related to PMRF Scheme:

1.Union HRD Minister announces modifications in PMRF Scheme.

2.The scheme was announced in the Budget 2017-19.

3.Under this, there is a plan to give fellowship to one thousand students every year.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A. 1 and 2 are correct

B. 1 and 3 are correct

C. 2 and 3 are correct

D. All of the above

7.Consider the following statements:

1.UP allows industry to hire and fire! Suspends all labour laws.

2.The Indian Constitution has played an important role in changes and development of labor laws of            the country.

Which of the above statement/statements are correct?

A. 1 only

B. 2 only

C. Both 1 and 2

D. Neither 1 nor 2

8.Consider the following statements:

1.Italian scientists claim to have developed world’s first COVID-19 vaccine.

2.The Italian firm said that according to Spallanjani Hospital, they have demonstrated the first in the            world to neutralize the corona virus with a vaccine through a vaccine.

3.Human trials for this will start soon.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A. 1 and 2 are correct

B. 1 and 3 are correct

C. 2 and 3 are correct

D. All of the above

ANSWERS:-

Answer: 1)A

Explanation

China has successfully launched a new rocket named “Long March 5B” into space as it steps up Moon landing plans. This rocket is launched in Wenchang launch site that is located on the island of Hainan, china. The rocket is a massive vehicle and is being compared with deep space Orion capsule of NASA. The rocket in the future will help China transport astronauts to space station by 2022. The rocket launch will also aid China in its plans of building a huge space station called “Tiangong”. Tiangong is the space station programme of China.

Tiangong

• Tiangong is China’s space station program. The event is free and unconnected to other international space activities.
• In 2011, China launched its first space laboratory named Tiangong-1.
• Later, in 2016, the second space laboratory was launched Tiangong-2.

America and China

• America is the only country that has sent humans to the moon.
• China, on the other hand, has brought astronauts to space and successfully launched a rover in the far side of the moon in 2019.
• China has now planned to launch its rover to Mars by 2020.

Answer: 2)B

Explanation

The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) extended environmentalist and actor-producer Dia Mirza’s term as its National Goodwill Ambassador for another two years till the end of 2022. The actress is also the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal Advocate. As a Goodwill Ambassador, Mirza will continue work with the UN to further spread the message on key areas including clean air, clean seas, wildlife protection and climate change. One of Dia’s big campaigns during her first tenure as the ambassador was #BeatPlasticPollution helped in highlighting the issue at the highest levels and led to a clarion call from Prime Minister Narendra Modi to make India Single Use Plastics free by 2022.

Answer: 3)C

Explanation

Madhya Pradesh has become the 1st state in the country to provide mid-day meal ration.Distribution of the mid-day Meal ration with the help of Anganwadi workers, Panchayat representatives and local teachers was taken in sending ration to the students at their home after the school closing in April.To provide mid-day meal to school children in the corona outbreak an amount of Rs 117 crore has been transferred online in the bank account of the parents of 66 lakh 27 thousand students of primary and secondary school by the state government.Under door-to-door mid-day meal scheme, ration has also been provided to 56 lakh 87 thousand children.

Answer: 4)D

Explanation

On 9th May 2020, World Migratory Bird Day(WMBD) is an annual global celebration campaign to raise awareness of the needs for the conservation of migratory birds and their habitats. This day was initiated in 2006 by the United Nations Secretariat of the Agreement on the Conservation of African-Eurasian Migratory Waterbirds(AEWA). World Migratory Bird Day 2020 theme: “Birds Connect Our World”.

Importance of subject

• Connectivity has become essential for migratory species.
• This is because 1 million species currently face extinction risk due to loss of connectivity.
• Migratory birds connect different countries and cooperation between them is essential for the conservation of these species.
• When birds migrate, they are dependent on certain habitats along their paths.
• Some countries have lost routes due to lack of urbanization, pollution, global warming, etc.

Answer: 5)A

Explanation

Iran’s parliament has passed a bill allowing the government to slash four zeros from the rial, Iranian state media reported on Monday, after a sharp fall in the value of the currency as a result of crippling U.S. sanctions.

Iran’s national currency will be changed from the rial to the Toman, which is equal to 10,000 rials, under the bill.

Background

• This move comes after a sharp fall in the value of the currency as a result of crippling US sanctions.
• The currency has been devalued 3,500 times since 1971. It declined steadily since the Iranian Revolution, 1979 brought the religious government to power.
• The idea of removing four zeros has been floated since 2008 but gained strength after 2018 when the US exited Iran’s 2015 nuclear deal and reimposed sanctions and the rial lost more than 60% of its value.

The devaluation of the rial has been marked by four key turning points:

• The Islamic Revolution of 1979. When the government of the Western-allied Shah collapsed and an ideological cadre of mullahs took over, many entrepreneurs and business moguls left the country for fear of persecution, and they took their wealth with them.
• The end of the Iran-Iraq war in 1989. It took Iran almost eight years to rebuild its shattered economy, during which time the rial lost almost 100% of its value compared to the US dollar thanks to rampant inflation and the unchecked printing of cash.
• Last years of hard-line President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad’s tenure. Before he left power in 2013, Iran was slammed with severe international sanctions that saw the rial hemorrhage almost 400% more of its value on global currency markets.
• The last major turning point, which is still playing out, came when President Donald Trump pulled the U.S. out of the nuclear deal. It was like an electric shock that sizzled through every aspect of Iran’s already beleaguered economy. The rial’s plunge has continued, leaving it almost 600% weaker against the US dollar than it was before the Revolution.

Iranian Nuclear Program:

• In July 2015, the United Nations Security Council member countries – the United States, Russia, China, France and Britain and Germany and the European Union (EU) – entered into a nuclear deal with Iran in the Austrian capital Vienna.
• It consists of five permanent members of the Security Council and Germany jointly called FIVE + ONE COUNTRY.

Answer: 6)B

Explanation

Union Human Resource Development(HRD) Minister Ramesh Pokhriyal ‘Nishank’ announced various modifications(amendments) in the Prime Minister’s Research Fellowship(PMRF)  Scheme to boost research in the country & to enable more students to avail the benefit under the  scheme.

Changes and Implications

1. Now for the students from any recognised institute/ university (other than IISc/ IITs/NITs/IISERs/IIEST/CF IIITs), the requirement of GATE Score is reduced to 650 from 750 apart from minimum CGPA of 8 or equivalent.
2. Now, there will be two channels of entries, direct entry and lateral entry.
3. Under the lateral entry, candidates pursuing PhD in any PMRF granting institution can apply for the PMRF scheme if he/she satisfies certain conditions, as prescribed.
4. To boost research a dedicated Division is being created in the ministry with the name of “Research and Innovation Division”. This division will be headed by a director who will be coordinating research work of various institutions coming under MHRD.

Selection

Cadidates are selected for the fellowship through a rigorous selection process.

1. For direct entry, applicants are judged on metrics including research exposure, publications, performance in international academic competitions, grades and recommendation letters.
2. For lateral entry, the metrics are a strong research proposal, publications record and grades. Due weightage will also be given to publication in reputed journals/conferences.

PMRF

• The scheme was announced in the Budget 2018-19.
• The institutes which can offer PMRF include all the IITs, all the IISERs, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru and some of the top Central Universities/NITs that offer science and/or technology degrees.
• To attract the talent pool of the country to doctoral (Ph.D.) programs of Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs) and Indian Institute of Science (IISc) for carrying out research in cutting edge science and technology domains, with focus on national priorities.
• Under this, there is a plan to give fellowship to one thousand students every year.
• 119 students were selected in the year 2019.
• Students who are successful in the Prime Minister’s Research Fellowship Scheme are given fellowships of up to 80,000 to students under this fellowship.
• Under this scheme, 70,000 fellowships are given to the students every month for the first two years.
• There is a fellowship of Rs 75,000 for the third year and Rs 80,000 every month in the fourth and fifth year.

Answer: 7)C

Explanation

The Uttar Pradesh government has approved an Ordinance exempting businesses from the purview of almost all the labour laws for the next three years, to give a fillip to investment in the state, affected by Covid-19. “Horticultural and economic activities have been severely affected and slowed down in the state due to the outbreak of COVID-19.

Importance

• The main objective of this ordinance is to provide some flexibility to businesses and industries to protect the employment of workers working in industries and occupations, and to provide employment to people coming back to the state due to COVID-19 epidemic. .
• It is noteworthy that in states like Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh, many migrant workers are returning from states like Kerala, Delhi, Gujarat and Maharashtra and providing employment to them has become a major challenge before the state governments.
• After the nationwide lockdown, there has been a huge reduction in the revenue of the state governments due to the complete or partial closure of all business activities, which has caused a huge setback to the state’s economy and the state has to take a long time to recover from it. the wanted.
• Apart from this, due to reduction in revenue, the government also lacks resources to spend more and more on health facilities.
• According to official information released by the government in this regard, it is necessary to provide them temporary exemption from the existing labor laws in the state in order to encourage new investment in the state and establish new industrial infrastructure and benefit the existing industries and factories.

Indian Constitution and Labor Law

• The Indian Constitution has played an important role in changes and development of labor laws of the country. Part III of the Indian Constitution is considered very important for labor laws. Part III (Articles 12 to 35) of the Constitution encompasses the fundamental rights of citizens, including subjects like equality before the law, abolition of untouchability, freedom of expression and ban on employment of children in factories.
• Part IV of the Indian Constitution, also known as the ‘Directive Principles of State Policy’, aims to work towards the welfare of its citizens. It is noteworthy that the Directive Principles of State Policy cannot be challenged before the law, but it provides a guideline to the legislature to improve the labor laws in India.
• Be aware that since labor is the subject of a concurrent list under the Indian Constitution, states can implement their own laws, but they require the approval of the central government.

Answer: 8)D

Explanation

Italian researchers on Wednesday claimed that they have successfully developed a vaccine that can help contain the novel coronavirus that causes COVID-19. According to a report, the new vaccine is likely to work on the SARS-CoV-2 virus that has spread rapidly across the globe. Tests conducted on mice showed that the vaccine has antibodies that work on human cells, blocking the virus from infecting people. The team of researchers further observed that the five vaccine candidates generated a large number of antibodies, and selected two with the best results.

feature

• The Italian firm said that according to Spallanjani Hospital, they have demonstrated the first in the world to neutralize the corona virus with a vaccine through a vaccine. Human trials for this will start soon.
• Researchers in Italy first tested this vaccine on mice and this vaccine successfully developed antibodies to prevent the virus from infecting the cells of the mouth.
• Researchers found that five vaccines produced a large number of antibodies, then they selected two vaccines that had the best results.
• All possible vaccines of the corona virus are being developed based on the genetic material of the DNA protein “spike”, the molecular tip (tip) used by the corona virus to enter human cells.
• Different vaccine types are injected with the “electroporation” technique, which consists of an intramuscular injection followed by a brief electrical impulse, which allows the corona virus vaccine to enter cells and activate the immune system. helps.
• According to the researchers, this makes their vaccines effective against “spike” proteins to produce functional antibodies, especially in the most vulnerable lung cells to the coronovirus.