ENGLISH QUIZ 14.07.2020

1.Consider the following statements:

1.Iron and titanium metal more than the Earth on the Moon.

2.LRU’s Mini-RF instrument was measuring an electrical property within lunar soil in crater floors               in the Moon’s northern hemisphere.

Which of the above statement/statements are correct?

A. 1 only

B. 2 only

C. Both 1 and 2

D. Neither 1 nor 2

2.Consider the following statements:

1.Donald Trump starts withdrawal of U.S. from WHO.

2.World Health Organization has 174-member countries, and its secretariat is in Geneva,                                 Switzerland.

3.World Health Assembly is the forum through which WHO is governed by its 194 member states.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A. 1 and 2 are correct

B. 1 and 3 are correct

C. 2 and 3 are correct

D. All of the above

3.Consider the following statements:

1.Cabinet approves rental housing scheme for migrants.

2.The scheme was announced by the Hon’ble Finance Minister on 14 May 2020.

Which of the above statement/statements are correct?

A. 1 only

B. 2 only

C. Both 1 and 2

D. Neither 1 nor 2

ANSWERS:-

Answer: 1)A      

Explanation

Evidence of the presence of metal was found on the moon earlier, but now it has been found that more iron and titanium may be present under its surface than anticipated. NASA scientists have discovered extremely large amounts of metal in the craters while searching for ice on the moon. This metallic distribution on the lunar surface has been observed by a ‘Miniature Radio Frequency – Mini-RF’ device installed on the LRO. The findings of the Mini-RF have been confirmed by the LRO’s wide-angle camera, the Kaguya mission in Japan and the metal oxide map constructed from NASA’s Lunar Prospector spacecraft.

How was it discovered?

• LRO’s Mini-RF instrument was measuring an electrical property within lunar soil in crater floors in the Moon’s northern hemisphere.
• The property, known as the dielectric constant, is the ratio of the electric permeability of a material to the electric permeability of a vacuum.

How was moon created?

• The most popular theory about the Moon’s creation is that a Mars-sized protoplanet collided with newly formed Earth around 4.5 billion years ago, breaking off a piece of our planet that went on to become its satellite.
• The hypothesis is also backed by substantial evidence, such as the close resemblance between the Moon’s bulk chemical composition with that of Earth.

Implications of latest findings:

• It is known that Earth’s crust has lesser amounts of iron oxide than the Moon– a finding that scientists have been trying to explain.
• Now, the new discovery of even greater quantities of metal on the Moon makes their job even more difficult. It really raises the question of what this means for our previous formation hypotheses.
• A possible reason could be that the Moon was created from a material much deeper beneath Earth’s surface than was believed before, or that the newly found metal presence could be the result of molten lunar surface cooling down gradually.

Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO):

• It is a NASA mission to the moon within the Lunar Precursor and Robotic Program (LPRP) in preparation for future manned missions to the moon and beyond (Mars).
• LRO is the first mission of NASA’s `New Vision for Space Exploration’.

The objectives of LRO are to:

1. Identify potential lunar resources.
2. Gather detailed maps of the lunar surface.
3. Collect data on the moon’s radiation levels.
4. Study the moons polar regions for resources that could be used in future manned missions or robotic sample return missions.

Answer: 2)B

Explanation

President Donald Trump formally started the withdrawal of the United States from the World Health Organization (WHO).

Point

• Recently the Member States at the World Health Assembly agreed three resolutions on universal health coverage (UHC).
• They focus on:
  • Primary healthcare
  • The role of community health workers
  • N.U.N. General Assembly high-level meeting on UHC.

About World Health Organization

• It is a specialized agency of the United Nations responsible for international public health.
• Its main objective is “the attainment by all peoples of the highest possible level of health.”
• It has 194-member countries, and its secretariat is in Geneva, Switzerland.
• World Health Assembly is the supreme decision-making body of WHO, attended by delegations from all member states.

About World Health Assembly

• It is the forum through which WHO is governed by its 194 member states.
• It is the worlds world’s highest health policy setting body and is composed of health ministers from member states.
• The members of the World Health Assembly generally meet every year in May in Geneva, the location of WHO Headquarters.
• The main functions of the World Health Assembly are to determine the policies of the Organization, appoint the Director-General, supervise financial policies, and review and approve the proposed program budget.

Answer: 3)C      

Explanation

The Union Cabinet has recently given its approval for developing of Affordable Rental Housing Complexes (AHRCs) for urban migrants / poor as a sub-scheme under Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana – Urban (PMAY – U).

Background

• Ministry of Housing & Urban Affairs (MoHUA) has initiated an Affordable Rental Housing Complexes (ARHCs) for urban migrants/poor as a sub-scheme under Pradhan MantriAwasYojana (Urban).
• The scheme was announced by the Hon’ble Finance Minister on 14 May 2020.
• This scheme seeks to fulfil the vision of ‘AtmaNirbhar Bharat.

About the Scheme

• The Affordable Rental Housing Complexes (ARHCs) scheme under the ministry of housing and urban affairs will be a sub-scheme under the Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (Urban) for migrant workers from small towns.

The ARHC scheme will have a two-pronged approach

• First, the existing vacant government-funded housing complexes will be converted in ARHCs through Concession Agreements for 25 years.
• Complexes will revert to ULB after 25 years to restart next cycle like earlier or run on their own.
• Secondly, special incentives like use permission, 50% additional Floor Area Ratio or Floor Space Index, concessional loan at priority sector lending rates, tax reliefs at par with affordable housing among others will be offered to private and public entities to develop ARHCs on their own available vacant land for 25 years.

Beneficiaries:

• A large part of the workforce in manufacturing industries, service providers in hospitality, health, domestic/commercial establishments, and construction or other sectors, labourers, students etc.
• These workforces, who come from rural areas or small towns seeking better opportunities, will be the target beneficiary under ARHCs.

Significance

• ARHCs will create a new ecosystem in urban areas making housing available at affordable rent close to the place of work.
• The investment under ARHCs is expected to create new job opportunities.
• This scheme will cut down unnecessary travel, congestion and pollution.
• The scheme would create a conducive environment for Entities to develop AHRCs on their own vacant land, which would enable new investment opportunities and promote entrepreneurship in the rental housing sector.