The 2020 Nobel Prize in Chemistry is awarded to Emmanuelle Charpentier and Jennifer A. Doudna “for the development of a method for genome editing”. The Nobel Prize in Chemistry is awarded by The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden.It is for the first time a Nobel science prize has gone to a womenonly team.
About Emmanuelle Charpentier:
About Jennifer A. Doudna:
About CRISPR-Cas9 DNA
Cas9
guide RNA (gRNA)
Significance.
The event behind the commencement of the Nobel Prize:
Actually, there was a news accidentally published in a newspaper behind the introduction of Nobel Prize. In 1888, a newspaper accidentally printed “Death of the merchant of death”, ie Alfred Nobel has died. The newspaper also held Alfred responsible for the death of thousands due to the invention of dynamite. This false news of his death was also read by Alfred himself. But the words “merchant of death” used for him in this newspaper shook Alfred Nobel badly. Suddenly he thought that this news of his death would be true at some time or the other; So will the world know him by this name? He decided that he would erase this stain on his personality.
Alfred Nobel wrote his will on 27 November 1895 in which he set aside the largest part of his wealth to form a trust. After deducting all taxes, 94% of Alfred Nobel’s total wealth, ie, 31,225,000 Swedish Kronor five Nobel prizes. Had been allocated for the establishment. Alfred Nobel wished that the interest on this amount should be awarded every year to those whose work is found to be the most welfare for mankind. It is given to those who have worked towards enhancing human welfare. This is the reason that the Nobel Prize has been given mostly to those people who have developed a medicine or vaccine to overcome a disease or have made tireless efforts to increase peace and harmony in the world.
UPSC
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