A team of researchers has released a large “three-dimensional” map of the universe. This map can provide some information about dark energy. It has been made with the help of DESI (Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument). It is an instrument Once fitted in the telescope, it can capture light from 5,000 galaxies at the same time. This can provide information about the mysterious force that is expanding the universe uncontrollably. Created by more than 900 researchers from across the world. Indian institute Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (Mumbai) is also participating in this.
Help in creating three-dimensional maps
- DESI is installed in the Mayall 4-Meter Telescope installed in the state of Arizona in the United States.
- Using it, researchers have been able to measure light coming from six million galaxies, creating a massive map of the universe.
- Some of these galaxies existed 11 billion years ago.
- Important information was obtained about the distance between these galaxies.
- This helped in preparing a large map of the universe.
- The distance between these galaxies can be measured with high accuracy.
- That is why it is being called a three-dimensional map.
Dark energy
- Researchers have a catalog of billions of objects in the universe.
- These objects have been identified but information has not been received about how far most of them are from the Earth.
- Knowing the exact distance of galaxies will make it easier to calculate the expansion rate of the universe.
- Calculating the expansion rate of the universe may provide some clues about the mystery of dark energy.
- Understanding the nature of dark energy remains one of the fundamental problems of science; Its information-
- May provide important clues about the origin and evolution of the universe as well as its explosion.
- It may reveal new fundamental forces at work.
- It can explain our entire knowledge about the physical world.
Signals received from DESI
- DESI data reveals innovative physics.
- It is possible that these signals may ultimately prove insignificant, but it does provide hope.
- Researchers have so far been able to analyze only one year of observational data from DESI.
- It is planned to run for five years.
- On March 31, 2024, DESI has completed three years of operation.
- In this time it has provided much new and path-breaking information; As-
- Measurement of the expansion rate of the universe.
- The universe is expanding at a rate of 68.5 km per second every 3.26 million light years.
- From a scientific point of view it is very important to know this expansion rate with high precision.
- This may provide the first clues about the behavior of dark energy.
Universe
- The universe is made up of all matter and energy.
- The Big Bang theory explains the birth of the universe.
- When the age of the universe was only 10-34 seconds or so, a huge explosion occurred in the universe and this led to the expansion of the universe.
- The speed of its expansion was faster than the speed of light.
- The part of the universe that we can touch, feel, detect and measure; This is called visible matter;
- It includes stars, planets, light, dust clouds, galaxies and time.
- The mass of the universe which remains invisible is called dark matter.
- Dark energy is also found in the universe.
Dark energy
- Dark energy makes up about 68% of the universe.
- It is connected to the vacuum in space.
- It is evenly distributed throughout the universe.
- Uniform distribution means that dark energy has no local gravitational effect, but rather has an effect on the entire universe.
- This produces a repulsive force, which accelerates the expansion of the universe.
- The rate of expansion and its acceleration can be measured by observations based on Hubble’s law.
- These measurements, along with other scientific data, have confirmed the existence of dark energy and estimated how much of this mysterious substance is available.