Tata Group collaborated with Taiwan’s PSMC to set up a 300 mm wafer fabrication plant in Gujarat with plans to launch 28nm (nanometer) chips in 2026.The Government of India has also recently approved two assembly and testing plants in Gujarat and Assam.
Semiconductor Chip
- Semiconductors/Semiconductors: Semiconductors have electrical conductivity properties between conductors and insulators that can be modified by introducing dopants. Semiconductor chips, transistors, fabrication technologies, and wafers are interdependent components essential to the functionality of electronic devices. Transistor specific technologies Semiconductor chips produced on wafers using semiconductors act as the building blocks of chips, enabling the creation of complex devices that power modern technology.
- Semiconductor chips: A small electronic device made of semiconductor material (silicon or germanium), which serves as the basic building block of most electronic circuits. These chips can contain billions of microscopic switches on a chip smaller than a fingernail. The basic component of a semiconductor chip is a silicon wafer made up of tiny transistors, which control electric current according to various computational instructions. It performs various functions, such as processing data, storing information or controlling electronic devices, etc. They are an important part of almost every modern electronic device, including smartphones, computers, and integrated circuits.
Transistor
- Transistors are fundamental components of semiconductor devices that amplify or switch electronic signals and electrical power.
- These are the building blocks of modern electronic devices, used in a variety of applications including amplifiers, switches, and digital circuits.
- Fabrication Technology
- Fabrication technology refers to the process of manufacturing semiconductor devices such as chips and transistors. It involves several critical steps including wafer preparation, photolithography, carving, doping and packaging.
Wafer
- A wafer (also called a slice or substrate) is a thin piece of semiconductor material, such as crystalline silicon, used to fabricate integrated circuits.
- A semiconductor chip is produced by printing a series of chips on a circular semiconductor wafer, much like postage stamps are printed on a sheet and then cut out one by one.
- In the industry, larger wafer sizes enable more chips to be printed from a single wafer, thereby accelerating and reducing the cost of chip production, despite technical challenges and initial capital expenditure.