0 UPSC EXAM ENGLISH QUIZ 30.10.2024 Daily Quiz 1 / 5 Q1. Consider the following statements: 1. There has been recent diplomatic progress between India and China over the Line of Actual Control. After a gap of five years, the Prime Ministers of the two countries and Xi Jinping plan to meet on the sidelines of the BRICS summit in Kazan, Russia. 2. The situation comes after years of ongoing military standoff since the 2020 Galwan Valley clash, indicating a possible easing of escalating tensions along the border. Which of the above statement/statements are correct? 1 only 2 only Both 1 and 2 Neither 1 nor 2 Explanation: There has been recent diplomatic progress between India and China over the Line of Actual Control (LAC). After a gap of five years, the Prime Ministers of the two countries and Xi Jinping plan to meet on the sidelines of the BRICS summit in Kazan, Russia. The meeting comes at a time when China has attempted to reach an agreement on key friction points regarding patrolling rights along the LAC in eastern Ladakh. The situation comes after years of ongoing military standoff since the 2020 Galwan Valley clash, indicating a possible easing of escalating tensions along the border. Galwan Valley clash and its aftermath In May 2020, clashes between Indian and Chinese troops took place at places like Pangong Tso and Galwan in the Ladakh region. On the night of 15 June 2020, a violent clash broke out in the Galwan Valley, resulting in the death of several Indian and Chinese soldiers. The clash was one of the most serious border disputes in decades. Subsequently, both countries increased the number of troops in the area and deployed heavy weaponry. 2 / 5 Q2. Consider the following statements: 1. India has emerged as a leading global startup destination, ranking among the top three worldwide, with cities like Bengaluru, Delhi and Mumbai occupying prominent positions on the global startup map. 2. Between November 2023 and February 2024, the GUESSS survey collected responses from 23,896 students across 31 Indian states and union territories. 3. The report highlights that 33% of college students in India are nascent entrepreneurs, higher than the global average of 26%. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? 1 and 2 are correct 1 and 3 are correct 2 and 3 are correct All of the above Explanation: India has emerged as a leading global startup destination, ranking among the top three worldwide, with cities like Bengaluru, Delhi and Mumbai occupying prominent positions on the global startup map. A recent report by IIT Mandi, part of the Global University Entrepreneurial Spirit Students Survey (GUESSS), highlights the growing entrepreneurial spirit in the country, especially among students. Between November 2023 and February 2024, the GUESSS survey collected responses from 13,896 students across 31 Indian states and union territories. Key trends Nascent entrepreneurship: The report highlights that 33% of college students in India are nascent entrepreneurs, higher than the global average of 26%. Entrepreneurship as a career option: 14% of Indian students plan to pursue entrepreneurship as a career option after graduation. Entrepreneurial Intent: The desire for entrepreneurship among Indian students is found to be the highest globally. 3 / 5 Q3. Consider the following statements: 1. World Health Organization (WHO) has officially declared Egypt malaria free, making it the second country to receive the recognition this year after Cape Verde. 2. Egypt is the fifth African country to achieve this feat and has demonstrated effective measures against malaria over the past century. Which of the above statement/statements are correct? 1 only 2 only Both 1 and 2 Neither 1 nor 2 Explanation: World Health Organization (WHO) has officially declared Egypt malaria free, making it the second country to receive the recognition this year after Cape Verde. Egypt is the fifth African country to achieve this feat and has demonstrated effective measures against malaria over the past century. It became the third country in the Eastern Mediterranean region to become malaria free after Morocco (2010) and the UAE (2007). It implemented important surveillance, vector control and environmental management strategies to prevent malaria transmission. 4 / 5 Q4. Consider the following statements: 1. FTSE (Financial Times Stock Exchange) Russell has announced that it will include India’s sovereign bonds in its Emerging Market Government Bond Index (EMGBI) from September 2025. 2. FTSE Russell (a leading global index provider) has become the third organisation to include Indian bonds in its Emerging Market Bond Index after JPMorgan and Bloomberg. 3. The EMGBI tracks the performance of local currency government bonds from 26 countries, serving as a broad benchmark for portfolio managers. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? 1 and 2 are correct 1 and 3 are correct 2 and 3 are correct All of the above Explanation: FTSE (Financial Times Stock Exchange) Russell has announced that it will include India’s sovereign bonds in its Emerging Market Government Bond Index (EMGBI) from September 2025.FTSE Russell (a leading global index provider) has become the third organisation to include Indian bonds in its Emerging Market Bond Index after JPMorgan and Bloomberg.The EMGBI tracks the performance of local currency government bonds from 16 countries, serving as a broad benchmark for portfolio managers. India’s Representation After being on the FTSE’s watchlist for three years, Indian government bonds will now represent 9.35% of the EMGBI. Impact on India’s bond market This inclusion could lead to billions of dollars of inflows into India’s bond market, boosting demand for Indian bonds and improving investor sentiment. Indian bonds have attracted foreign investment of about US$18.5 billion, indicating growing global interest. Government Bond It is a tradable debt instrument issued by the central or state governments. It is used by the government to borrow money from the people to finance its fiscal deficit. 5 / 5 Q5. Consider the following statements: 1. Scientists mapped the entire brain of an adult fruit fly, a breakthrough that will advance our understanding of brain function in animals and humans. 2. The aim is to understand how the brain works and what signals support healthy brain function. Which of the above statement/statements are correct? 1 only 2 only Both 1 and 2 Neither 1 nor 2 Explanation: Scientists mapped the entire brain of an adult fruit fly, a breakthrough that will advance our understanding of brain function in animals and humans. The aim is to understand how the brain works and what signals support healthy brain function. Scope of research The study mapped more than 50 million neural connections between more than 139,000 neurons in the fruit fly, a common model for neurobiological research. Connectome development The research created a connectome for the adult fruit fly brain, expanding the study to simpler organisms such as the worm Caenorhabditis elegans and fruit fly larvae. Applications in neuroscience Fruit flies, which are capable of behaviors such as learning, memory, and social interaction, serve as valuable models for studying brain functions relevant to humans. Introduction to Fruit Fly Fruit flies, part of the Drosophilidae family, are commonly known as vinegar, wine or pomace flies and are usually found on ripe or rotting fruits. It has been a widely used model in biological research for the past 100 years, contributing to many discoveries. Its genome has been completely sequenced, providing extensive information about its biochemistry, physiology and behaviour. 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