1 UPSC ENGLISH QUIZ 19.03.2024 Daily Quiz 1 / 5 Q1. Consider the following statements: According to a study published in Nature Water Journal, the area under irrigation has increased by 21% globally between 2000 and 2015. This study has been done by researchers from America, Germany, Finland and China. Which of the above statement/statements are correct? 1 only 2 only Both 1 and 2 Neither 1 nor 2 Explanation: According to a study published in Nature Water Journal, the area under irrigation has increased by 11% globally between 2000 and 2015. This study has been done by researchers from America, Germany, Finland and China. In the study, researchers have taken the help of international databases, national agricultural census and government reports. With their help, they have studied the latest irrigation data from 243 countries. Researchers have examined how irrigated agricultural land has changed since the beginning of the 21st century. More than 90% of the water suitable for human consumption Is being used for irrigation. There is irrigation system on about 24% area of agricultural land. These areas produce about 40% of the world's food items. 2 / 5 Q2. Consider the following statements: Researchers from the Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Kanpur and Palakkad have created a new system for a hybrid unmanned vehicle that can operate both underwater and in the air. Its purpose is to simplify the work of relief and rescue and to detect and stop leakage in the oil field. The researchers were inspired by a bird species called Anhingas, which can move both on land and underwater. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? 1 and 2 are correct 1 and 3 are correct 2 and 3 are correct All of the above Explanation: Researchers from the Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Kanpur and Palakkad have created a new system for a hybrid unmanned vehicle that can operate both underwater and in the air. Its purpose is to simplify the work of relief and rescue and to detect and stop leakage in the oil field. The researchers were inspired by a bird species called Anhingas, which can move both on land and underwater. Speciality It is capable of moving on land, in air, under water. It is designed in such a way that it can map erosion and oil spills occurring on beaches, rivers or under water. A robust mathematical system has been developed to operate these vehicles. This system has been developed by taking inspiration from a species of bird Ehingas. 3 / 5 Q3. Consider the following statements: Scientists have discovered a huge "Noctis volcano" on Mars, higher than Mount Everest. Scientists announced this discovery at the 55th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference in Texas. Which of the above statement/statements are correct? 1 only 2 only Both 1 and 2 Neither 1 nor 2 Explanation: Scientists have discovered a huge "Noctis volcano" on Mars, higher than Mount Everest. Scientists announced this discovery at the 55th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference in Texas. This volcano has been observed by Mariner 9 and several spacecraft orbiting the planet since 1971. This volcano has been named "Noctis". Noctis volcano It is more than 9,022 meters high, which is higher than the highest peak on Earth, Mount Everest at 8,849 meters. The outer slopes of this volcano extend up to 225 kilometers (140 mi) in different directions. 4 / 5 Q4. Consider the following statements: Union Minister of Petroleum and Natural Gas Hardeep Singh Puri launched automotive fuel 'Ethanol 100' across Indian Oil's retail outlets. 'Ethanol 100' can be purchased from 283 retail outlets in five states (Maharashtra, Karnataka, Uttar Pradesh, New Delhi and Tamil Nadu). Ethanol is an organic chemical compound, produced from biomass. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? 1 and 2 are correct 1 and 3 are correct 2 and 3 are correct All of the above Explanation: Union Minister of Petroleum and Natural Gas Hardeep Singh Puri launched automotive fuel 'Ethanol 100' across Indian Oil's retail outlets. 'Ethanol 100' is being sold across 183 retail outlets in five states (Maharashtra, Karnataka, Uttar Pradesh, New Delhi and Tamil Nadu). Can be purchased from the centres. Ethanol It is an organic chemical compound, produced from biomass. It is also called ethyl alcohol, grain alcohol, drinking alcohol, or simply alcohol. It is a bio-fuel. It is prepared from plants like maize, sugarcane, wheat etc. It is produced mainly by fermentation process. Ethanol is mixed with petrol as a fuel. 5 / 5 Q5. Consider the following statements: Democracy Report 2024’ has been released by the Gothenburg-based V-Dem Institute. According to the ‘Democracy Report 2024’, India emerged as “one of the worst autocratizers”. Which of the above statement/statements are correct? 1 only 2 only Both 1 and 2 Neither 1 nor 2 Explanation: ‘Democracy Report 2024’ has been released by the Gothenburg-based V-Dem Institute. According to the ‘Democracy Report 2024’, India emerged as “one of the worst autocratizers”. The V-Dem report categorises countries into four regime types based on their score in the Liberal Democratic Index (LDI). Liberal Democracy, Electoral Democracy, Electoral Autocracy, and Closed Autocracy are the four regime types of the Liberal Democratic Index. This index indicates whether a country is turning more democratic (‘democratising’) or more autocratic (‘autocratising’). As per the report, in 2023, 42 countries were undergoing autocratisation. India accounts for about half of the population living in autocratising countries. Democratisation took place only in 18 countries which accounted for just 400 million people. As per the report, 71% of people in the world live in autocracies. 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