Telangana State Formation Day: June 2

Telangana State Formation Day: June 2

¨     Telangana State Formation Day is celebrated every year on June 2.

¨     Telangana was formed under the Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2014.

¨     Telangana became the 29th state of India on June 2, 2014.

¨     Formation of Telangana: Telangana was formed on June 2, 2014, following the bifurcation of Andhra Pradesh, becoming India's 29th state at the time. Following the reorganization of Jammu and Kashmir into Union Territories in 2019, Telangana is currently one of India's 28 states.

¨     Legal Basis: The state was formed through the 'Andhra Pradesh Reorganization Act, 2014,' which reorganized the then-state of Andhra Pradesh into Telangana and the residual state of Andhra Pradesh.

¨     Historical Background: Prior to independence, the region that is now Telangana was part of the Telugu-speaking areas of the Hyderabad Princely State, ruled by the Nizam. A peasant uprising against the *Jagirdari* system began in 1945, which the Razakars attempted to suppress violently. Hyderabad was merged into India in 1948 following 'Operation Polo.'

¨     Linguistic Reorganization: The States Reorganization Commission (1953) recommended reorganizing the Hyderabad State on a linguistic basis but initially suggested keeping the Telugu-speaking Telangana region separate. However, under the States Reorganization Act, 1956, Telangana was merged with the Andhra state to form the state of 'Andhra Pradesh,' with Hyderabad as its capital.

¨     Mulki Rules and Safeguards: 'Mulki rules' were in place in Telangana to protect the interests of local residents regarding government jobs. Protests against the recruitment of non-Mulkis began in 1952, and the issue intensified in 1969 with student protests over alleged violations of Mulki rules and safeguards established under the 'Gentlemen's Agreement' of 1956.

¨     Subsequent Developments: The 'Telangana Praja Samithi' was formed in 1969 to demand a separate state. This issue subsequently became linked to legal and political disputes regarding 'Mulki rules', the 'Jai Andhra Movement', the imposition of President's Rule in 1973, and the 32nd Constitutional Amendment—which introduced a zonal system for job reservations and resulted in the repeal of the Mulki Rules Act.

¨     Revival and Committee Process: The movement was revitalized with the formation of the 'Telangana Rashtra Samithi' in 2001 and gained further momentum in 2009. In 2010, the Central Government constituted the 'Justice B.N. Srikrishna Committee' to examine the demand for the state.

¨     Formation of Telangana: After years of political mobilization, committee reviews, and debates concerning state boundaries and capital arrangements, Telangana was formed as a separate state with Hyderabad as its capital.